What are the Principles of English Grammar Translation Method

What are the principles and characteristics of Grammar translation method?

Grammar translation method: The grammar translation method is the oldest method of Teaching English in India. In this method, every word, phrase and sentence in English will be translated into mother tongue. This method attaches a great i to grammar. The method is known as grammar translation method because the grammar of the new language is taught with the help of the grammar of the mother tongue.

Principles characterstics of Grammar Translation method:

• 1. Mother tongue dominates the teaching of English.
• 2. The unit of teaching is a word, not a sentence.
• 3. The structures of the foreign language are best learnt when compared and contrasted, with those of the mother-tongue.
• 4. Translation interprets the word and phrases ofthe foreign language.
• 5. It is also assumed that in the process of interpretation the foreign phraseology is best assimilated.

Merits:

• a) It is an easy method: This was the easiest way to explain words, phrases and sentences of English. It proceeds from known to unknown.
• b) Teacher's labour is saved: This method saves time and labour of the teacher. The teacher translates English language into the mother tongue without using any audio-visual aids.
• c) The child's comprehension is easily tested: Every word, phrase and sentence is translated into child's own language. The phraseology of foreign language can be best understood by translating into the mother tongue and the child develops comprehension ability.

Demerits:

• a) It is an Unnatural Method: The natural order of learning a language is not followed in this method. (ie. listening, speaking, reading & writing). Reading comes before speaking.
• b) Speech is neglected: Speech is totally ignored. This method ignores the practice of oral work in English. The pupils listen more and more of the mother tongue and get use to it.
• c) No exact translation: There is no one-to-one corresponding between any two languages. We cannot find exact translation from one language to another language. Only a little meaning can be same. Prepositions and other structural words are impossible to be translated into mother tongue.

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